【Qt-24】基于QCharts绘制曲线图

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一、QChart简介

QChart是Qt中专门用于绘制图表的模块，支持折线图、柱状图、饼图等常见类型。其主要组成部分有：

QChart：整个图表的容器，管理图表中的所有数据和图形属性QChartView：继承自QGraphicsView，用于显示QChart，并且支持缩放和平移等交互操作QLineSeries：折线图数据的容器，用于存储和绘制点之间的连线QValueAxis：坐标轴组件，用于显示坐标轴的标签和刻度线

二、绘制静态曲线

1、QT项目pro文件中添加charts

2、.h文件添加库文件

#include <QtCharts>

注：要放在最前面，不然会报一些莫名其妙的错误。

#include <QtCharts>#include <QtCharts/qsplineseries.h>private:    QChart *chart;QSplineSeries *series;    QChartView *chartview;private slots:void MainWindow::Timeout_handler();

3、.cpp文件添加

using namespace QtCharts;

 设置图标标题

chart->setTitle("平均料位");

添加曲线属性

series->setName(tr("Device 1"));series->setColor(Qt::red);series->setPen(QPen(Qt::red, 2));chart->addSeries(series);

设置X轴、Y轴属性

//设置X轴属性QValueAxis *axisX = new QValueAxis;chart->addAxis(axisX, Qt::AlignBottom);axisX->setRange(0, 60);axisX->setTitleText("Time(s)");series->attachAxis(axisX);//设置Y轴属性QValueAxis *axisY = new QValueAxis;chart->addAxis(axisY, Qt::AlignLeft);axisY->setRange(0, 60);axisY->setTitleText("料位");series->attachAxis(axisY);

 4、拖入Widget控件，提升为QChartView控件

将图标添加到chartview中

ui->widget->setChart(chart);

 5、完整示例代码

mainwindow.h

#include <QtCharts>#include <QtCharts/qsplineseries.h>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEnamespace Ui { class MainWindow; }QT_END_NAMESPACEclass MainWindow : public QMainWindow{    Q_OBJECT    private:    Ui::MainWindow *ui;    QChart *chart;QSplineSeries *series;QChartView *chartview;private slots:void MainWindow::Timeout_handler();}

mainwindow.cpp

#include <QtSerialPort/qserialport.h>#include <QtSerialPort/qserialportinfo.h>using namespace QtCharts;MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)    : QMainWindow(parent)    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow){    ui->setupUi(this);    chart = new QChart();series = new QSplineSeries();chartview = new QChartView();//设置图标标题chart->setTitle("平均料位");//曲线属性series->setName(tr("Device 1"));series->setColor(Qt::red);series->setPen(QPen(Qt::red, 2));chart->addSeries(series);//设置X轴属性QValueAxis *axisX = new QValueAxis;chart->addAxis(axisX, Qt::AlignBottom);//axisX->setTickCount(5);axisX->setRange(0, 30);axisX->setTitleText("Time(s)");series->attachAxis(axisX);//设置Y轴属性QValueAxis *axisY = new QValueAxis;chart->addAxis(axisY, Qt::AlignLeft);axisY->setRange(0, 90);axisY->setTitleText("料位");series->attachAxis(axisY);    Timeout_handler();//将图标添加到chartview中ui->widget->setChart(chart);}void MainWindow::Timeout_handler(){QList<double> data = { 1.2,2.5,5.0,8.3,11.9,13.9,22.9,28.9 };QList<double> data1 = { 12.76, 45.8,64.9,11.9,36.5,74.9,23.9,55.4 };for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++){series->append(data.at(i), data1.at(i));}}

 运行结果：

三、绘制动态曲线

 使用定时器动态添加数据

QTimer m_timer; // 定时器connect(&m_timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, &MainWindow::Timeout_handler);m_timer.start(1000);

参考链接  Qt(C++)使用QChart动态显示3个设备的温度变化曲线 - 知乎

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